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Nutrition

All living things need food to survive. It gives united states energy for everything that we do. It also gives the trunk what information technology needs to repair muscles, organs and pare. Food helps united states fight off unsafe diseases.

It is important to eat a wide range of food in gild to stay healthy. Nutrition is the science that deals with food and how the body uses it.

How the torso uses food

Food has nutrients in it— substances that requite our body many important things that we need. They provide us with free energy and also aid command the mode our body grows.

Before nutrients can go to work nutrient must be cleaved downwards then that they can laissez passer into our body. This is chosen digestion. It starts when we chew the food that we consume. When nosotros eat it it travels on to the stomach where it is mixed together with h2o and other fluids. Then the food is passed on to the intestine. Nutrients escape through the walls of the intestine into our blood. From there they are carried to all parts of the body.

Almost food leaves waste matter that the body cannot apply. Some of information technology goes to the kidneys and turns into urine. The liver likewise filters out waste. What is left over passes through the large intestine and leaves our trunk.

Nutrients

At that place are vi primary groups of nutrients: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. The energy that nutrient gives usa is measured in kilocalories, or one thou calories. A calorie is the energy that is needed to raise the temperature of h2o by one degree Celsius.

Water

Although water does not give us free energy information technology is the most of import nutrient. We may exist able to alive on without the others for weeks, but nosotros cannot get on without water for more than than a few days.

Water has many functions in our body. It helps interruption downward food. It also cools the trunk down when it becomes likewise hot. The body carries away waste products in a watery solution.

Our body needs well-nigh 2 –iii litres of h2o a day. We get it from the water and liquids nosotros drink but also from fruits, vegetables and other food.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the principal source of free energy for our body. Sugars and starches have carbohydrates in them.

Carbohydrate is a simple carbohydrate. It gives us energy very quickly. This form of free energy can be establish in dairy products, honey, syrup, jams and jelly.

Starches must exist broken down into sugars before our body can utilise them. They are found in beans, breadstuff , potatoes, cereals, corn, pasta, peas and potatoes. They provide our trunk with a constant supply of energy.

Fats

Our body needs fat in small amounts. Fats are made upwardly of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. They store vitamins and produce fatty acids. We need these acids to produce cell membranes.

Fats tin can come from animals or plants. They are in meat and dairy products, like butter and cheese. Other types of fats are in vegetable oils, nuts or seeds.

Too many saturated fats produce a high level of cholesterol, a waxy material made by the body. It starts building upwardly in the walls of claret vessels and may block blood as information technology flows through our body.

Proteins

Proteins are among the most important building blocks of our body. Muscles, skin and pilus , for instance, are made up of proteins.

Proteins are circuitous molecules made up of amino acids. The torso tin produce some of them itself, merely we must get the others from nutrient. Proteins are in cheese, eggs, fish, meat, milk, likewise equally in nuts, peas and beans.

Minerals

Minerals are needed for growth. They are inorganic, not fabricated upward of living things. Our body needs dissimilar amounts of diverse minerals. Calcium and magnesium, for example, are of import for bones and teeth. Nosotros also need modest amounts of iron. It is a component of haemoglobin, which carries oxygen to blood-red claret cells. Fluorine or zinc are other minerals we demand in very small amounts. They are called trace elements.

Vitamins

Our body needs a diverseness of vitamins to stay healthy. Each of them does a different job. Vitamin A, for example, helps skin and hair abound. Vitamin C is needed to fight off infections. Vitamin D helps the growth of bones and teeth

The correct diet

The key to staying healthy is eating the right food. Nutritionists suggest eating according to the food guide pyramid. Information technology has five sections. You lot should eat a lot of the bottom parts, but only a little of the upper parts.

Food Pyramid

The Food Pyramid

Eating guidelines

Be careful of your weight. Obesity can lead to wellness bug.
Exercise every twenty-four hour period. It helps the body burn down calories and the fat you don't demand.
Eat a lot of grain products
Be careful not to eat food that has besides much saturated fat and cholesterol
Do non eat too much sugar. High-sugar foods and drinks accept a lot of calories but not many nutrients.
Don't put too much salt on your nutrient. This may lead to high blood pressure level.
Include fiber in your diet. It helps food motion forth in your body.
Beware of alcoholic drinks. They accept a lot of calories only no nutrients.
Store and cook foods properly so that they practice not lose their nutritional value.

Nutrition and diseases

All over the world people suffer from illnesses that are caused by eating the wrong food or not having enough to consume.

In developing countries deficiency diseases arisewhen people do not get the right nutrients. Kwashiorkor is a illness that occurs if your body doesn't get enough proteins. Marasmus occurs in young children who don't become enough calories every 24-hour interval. They become weak, underweight and often dice.

Diseases oftentimes occur if you endure from a lack of vitamins. Not plenty vitamin D, for example, may pb to os illnesses.

In industrialized countries people frequently suffer from eating too much. Also much fat and cholesterol in your body can lead to middle diseases, obesity and cancer. High cholesterol levels may make your arteries narrow . The upshot may be loftier blood pressure , a heart set on or a stroke.

The lack of certain minerals may too lead to illnesses. Not plenty iron in your food reduces the blood's power to make crimson blood cells, which are needed to transport oxygen through our body.

Downloadable PDF Text- and Worksheets

Text and Worksheets bachelor at our shop

Words

ability = ability
co-ordinate to = every bit shown by something or someone
acid = chemical substance that has a pH of less than 7; strong acids can burn down your skin
although = while
amino acid =1 of the substances that combine to class poly peptide
amount =how much of something
arise = come up
avenue = one of the tubes that carries claret around in your body
bean = seed that comes from a climbing establish and which tin exist cooked as nutrient
beware = be conscientious of; scout out
block = stop ; not permit through
blood pressure = the power with which claret travels through your trunk
blood vessel = tube through which claret flows
break downwardly = here: to brand smaller
building block = the parts that make it possible for something to exist
cancer = a very unsafe disease in which cells beginning to grow in an uncontrolled way
carbon = chemic that is in coal or diamonds
cell membrane = cell wall that separates the within from the exterior of a prison cell
cereal = breakfast food made from wheat or corn; mostly eaten with milk
chew = to bite food a few times before swallowing it
complex = complicated
component = part
constant = regular, stable
dairy products = nutrient that is made from cows
deal with = is well-nigh
deficiency disease = disease in which you practice non get enough of a certain kind of food or vitamins
developing country = poor country of the Third Globe
nutrition = the food that you swallow
disease = illness
exercise = to practise sport and move your body so that you stay salubrious
fatty acid = an acid that the cells in your body demand to use food
cobweb = function of the plants that you lot consume merely cannot assimilate; they move through your body speedily
fight off = to keep away
fluid = liquid, juice
grain products = food from corn, wheat or rice
growth = in order to grow
hydrogen = colorless gas that can fire ; if y'all combine it with oxygen you go water
illness = disease
industrialized countries = rich countries of the First World
inorganic = not from living things
intestine = the long tube in your body through which nutrient passes after it goes through your stomach
jam = thick sweet food made from sugar and fruit; you lot eat it with butter on bread
jelly = like "jam"
fundamental = solution, answer
kidney = one of two organs in your dorsum that takes waste matter products out of your blood and makes urine
lack of = not plenty
large intestine = the place where food is changed into waste
liquid = fluid ; something to drink
measure = the unit of something
narrow = non wide
diet = getting the right kind of nutrient for your body
nutritional value =how good a type of food is for your body
nutritionist = someone who knows a lot almost the right kind of food to eat
obesity = when someone is so fat that it is unhealthy
occur = happen
oxygen = gas that has no colour or smell and is in the air that we breathe
pass = travel
pea = round green seed that is cooked and eaten equally a vegetable
poultry = meat from birds like chickens, ducks and turkeys
provide = give
heighten = to make something go up
reduce = become lower
repair = fix
saturated fat = type of fat from meat and milk products; information technology is not every bit healthy as fats from vegetables or fish
scientific discipline = noesis near something
seed = difficult object that comes from plants
serving = portion ; the amount of food that is enough for one person
sparingly = only very little
starch = food that has carbohydrates in information technology and that gives your body energy; rice or potatoes have a lot of starch in them
store = keep in a place
stroke = if an artery all of a sudden breaks or is blocked so that blood cannot become through whatsoever more
substance = material
survive = to alive on
swallow = to brand food go downward your throat
trace chemical element = a chemical element that your body needs only a niggling of
urine = the yellow liquid that comes out of your body
variety = many unlike kinds of
diverse = different
vegetable oil = oil from plants and vegetables
waste = material that you cannot use whatever more
watery solution = a liquid like water
waxy = fabricated of wax
weight = how heavy you are
wide range = many dissimilar types of

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Source: https://www.english-online.at/health_medicine/nutrition/nutrition-how-the-body-uses-food.htm

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